Improvement in steam-boilers



(l.) u 2 Shcets:-8heet 1.-

Improv-ement In Steam Bollers.

Patented Nov. 28,1871.

JAMES SHAND.

PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES SHAND, OF 75 UPPER GROUND STREET, BLACKFRIARS, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 121,426, dated November 28, 1871.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAnIEs SEAND, now residing at 75 Upper Ground Street, Blackfriars, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being' had to the accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a steam-boiler constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a broken view or elevation, in part, of the tubular portion of the boiler, showing the tubes in perspective; and Fig. 3, a horizontal section at the line x in Fig. l.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several gures.

My invention relates to steam-boilers made up in part of water-tubes arranged to occupy an inclined position to the horizon, and in communication at their ends with an outside waterspace or spaces. The invention consists in a combination, with said tubes thus arranged, of an eccentric surrounding water-space or chamber, with which said tubes communicate at their ends. A boiler thus constructed presents a large and advantageous heating-surface, combined with a free circulation of the water, and read)r escape and separation of steam from the water.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, A

Y is the fire-chamber, composed of an inner shell,

B, which may be conical or cylindrical, or partly of both forms, or which may be of a polygonal shape. The lower part of this shell is open at its bottom and carries the ire-bars on a line or level, b, at or near its base. Mounted on this shell A, so as to form an upward continuation of it, is a shell, C, which contains the tubes, and virtually or mainly forms the absorptionchamber. This chamber is closed at its top, eX- cepting at or near its center, where the chimney or' funnel D is attached. E is an outer casing or shell, surrounding said chamber, and leaving a water space, F, between them, which space may be extended downward so as to surround the fire-chamber, excepting at its door or mouth o. This outer shell E is continued up above the absorption-chamber or shell C and base portion of the chimney D, and is covered on top, the space between the cover of the shell C and cover of the outer shell E, composing the steam-chest G, or upper portion of the waterchamber and steam-space combined.

The inner and outer shells C and E may occupy a concentric relation with each other; but I prefer to arrange them eccentrically, which may be done by erecting the inner shell C so that it occupies an inclined position, and is concentric below, but eccentric above, with the outer case or shell. By this arrangement I provide an increasing capacity in an upward direction of the water-space F on the one side or half of the boiler, to facilitate the escape of steam from the upper ends of the inclined water-tubes H H. These water-tubes I arrange in successive layers, one above the other, and each succeeding layer occupying a transverse relation to the adjacent layer. The ends of said inclined tubes open through the inner shell C, so as to be in communication with the waterspace F, and by their position in inclined layers I am enabled to place all the lower ends ofthe tubes on the one side or half of the boiler and all their upper ends on the other side or half thereof, thereby producing a thorough circulation of water through them, and the waterspace F causing the tubes to deliver the steam formed within them at their upper ends and to return accompanying water to their lower ends to againcirculate through them, as represented by arrows in the drawing. Said tubes H H are so arranged in relation with each other and at such distances apart as to leave a proper area of draughtopenings up between and among them in a continuous manner, as by meshes, thereby obtaining a very effective heating surface, mainly perpendicular to the current of heat, by which means the heated products of combustion are sifted, as it were, and caused to impinge forcibly against the tubes.

A boiler thus constructed will be found well adapted to the production oI'l steam from ordinary fuel, gas, or petroleum, as the heating medium, and the ready separation of the steam from the water, which it effects, will largely prevent priming.

What is here claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

The combinationof the eccentric water-space or chamber F with the inclined watentubes H, arranged in successive transverse layers, essentially as described.

Witnesses: JAMES SHAND.

Wim/IER M. HARRIS, JOHN DEAN,

Both of No. 17 Gracechuroh Street,

London, E. O'. JOHN HARRISON,

Notary Public, London. (148) 

